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mpyos.com - Python玩转ESP32,专注micropython和esp32学习和研究
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蓝牙连接
BLE
蓝牙是一种短距的无线通讯技术，可实现固定设备、移动设备之间的数据交换
一般将蓝牙3.0之前的BR/EDR蓝牙称为传统蓝牙，而将蓝牙4.0规范下的LE蓝牙称为低功耗蓝牙（BLE）
很多人对蓝牙的认识还很局限于手机领域，其实蓝牙的应用已经远远不止于此。过去几年里，蓝牙的增长量就达到了80%，当然，低功耗蓝牙的出现也起到关键的作用，相信未来蓝牙会开创一个可交互的物联世界
手机APP
当前使用的iOS上的软件是LightBlue，Android用户请自行搜素安装
代码
注意：请使用最新的MicroPython固件（老版本估计可能出现一些问题）
from machine import Pin
from machine import Timer
from time import sleep_ms
import bluetooth
BLE_MSG = ""
class ESP32_BLE():
def __init__(self, name):
self.led = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)
self.timer1 = Timer(0)
self.name = name
self.ble = bluetooth.BLE()
self.ble.active(True)
self.ble.config(gap_name=name)
self.disconnected()
self.ble.irq(self.ble_irq)
self.register()
self.advertiser()
def connected(self):
self.led.value(1)
self.timer1.deinit()
def disconnected(self):
self.timer1.init(period=100, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=lambda t: self.led.value(not self.led.value()))
def ble_irq(self, event, data):
global BLE_MSG
if event == 1: #_IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT 手机链接了此设备
self.connected()
elif event == 2: #_IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT 手机断开此设备
self.advertiser()
self.disconnected()
elif event == 3: #_IRQ_GATTS_WRITE 手机发送了数据
buffer = self.ble.gatts_read(self.rx)
BLE_MSG = buffer.decode('UTF-8').strip()
def register(self):
service_uuid = '6E400001-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
reader_uuid = '6E400002-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
sender_uuid = '6E400003-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
services = (
(
bluetooth.UUID(service_uuid),
(
(bluetooth.UUID(sender_uuid), bluetooth.FLAG_NOTIFY),
(bluetooth.UUID(reader_uuid), bluetooth.FLAG_WRITE),
)
),
)
((self.tx, self.rx,), ) = self.ble.gatts_register_services(services)
def send(self, data):
self.ble.gatts_notify(0, self.tx, data + '\n')
def advertiser(self):
name = bytes(self.name, 'UTF-8')
adv_data = bytearray('\x02\x01\x02') + bytearray((len(name) + 1, 0x09)) + name
self.ble.gap_advertise(100, adv_data)
print(adv_data)
print("\r\n")
def buttons_irq(pin):
led.value(not led.value())
print('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
ble.send('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
if __name__ == "__main__":
ble = ESP32_BLE("ESP32BLE")
but = Pin(0, Pin.IN)
but.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=buttons_irq)
led = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)
while True:
if BLE_MSG == 'read_LED':
print(BLE_MSG)
BLE_MSG = ""
print('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
ble.send('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
sleep_ms(100)
蓝牙控制舵机
手机App
ios端App是：BluefruitConnect 软件图标如下。Android用户请自行查找
代码
from machine import Pin
from machine import Timer
from time import sleep_ms
from machine import PWM
import time
import bluetooth
BLE_MSG = ""
class ESP32_BLE():
def __init__(self, name):
self.led = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)
self.timer1 = Timer(0)
self.name = name
self.ble = bluetooth.BLE()
self.ble.active(True)
self.ble.config(gap_name=name)
self.disconnected()
self.ble.irq(self.ble_irq)
self.register()
self.advertiser()
def connected(self):
self.led.value(1)
self.timer1.deinit()
def disconnected(self):
self.timer1.init(period=100, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=lambda t: self.led.value(not self.led.value()))
def ble_irq(self, event, data):
global BLE_MSG
if event == 1: #_IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT 手机链接了此设备
self.connected()
elif event == 2: #_IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT 手机断开此设备
self.advertiser()
self.disconnected()
elif event == 3: #_IRQ_GATTS_WRITE 手机发送了数据
buffer = self.ble.gatts_read(self.rx)
BLE_MSG = buffer.decode('UTF-8').strip()
def register(self):
service_uuid = '6E400001-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
reader_uuid = '6E400002-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
sender_uuid = '6E400003-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
services = (
(
bluetooth.UUID(service_uuid),
(
(bluetooth.UUID(sender_uuid), bluetooth.FLAG_NOTIFY),
(bluetooth.UUID(reader_uuid), bluetooth.FLAG_WRITE),
)
),
)
((self.tx, self.rx,), ) = self.ble.gatts_register_services(services)
def send(self, data):
self.ble.gatts_notify(0, self.tx, data + '\n')
def advertiser(self):
name = bytes(self.name, 'UTF-8')
adv_data = bytearray('\x02\x01\x02') + bytearray((len(name) + 1, 0x09)) + name
self.ble.gap_advertise(100, adv_data)
print(adv_data)
print("\r\n")
def buttons_irq(pin):
led.value(not led.value())
print('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
ble.send('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
if __name__ == "__main__":
ble = ESP32_BLE("ESP32BLE")
# 检测boot按键
but = Pin(0, Pin.IN)
but.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=buttons_irq)
# 控制蓝色led
led = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)
# 控制舵机
p15 = PWM(Pin(15))
p15.freq(50)
duty_num = 1638
p15.duty_u16(1638)
# 0度 p15.duty_u16(1638)
# 90度 p15.duty_u16(4915)
# 180度 p15.duty_u16(8192)
while True:
if BLE_MSG == 'read_LED':
print(BLE_MSG)
BLE_MSG = ""
print('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
ble.send('LED is ON.' if led.value() else 'LED is OFF')
elif BLE_MSG:
print("接收到的信息：>>%s<<" % BLE_MSG)
if BLE_MSG == "!B11:": # 按下app上数字1
duty_num += 100
if duty_num > 8192:
duty_num = 8192
print(duty_num)
p15.duty_u16(duty_num)
elif BLE_MSG == "!B219": # 按下app上数字2
duty_num -= 100
if duty_num < 1638:
duty_num = 1638
print(duty_num)
p15.duty_u16(duty_num)
elif BLE_MSG == "!B516": # 按下app上up键
p15.duty_u16(4915)
duty_num = 4915
elif BLE_MSG == "!B714": # 按下app上left键
p15.duty_u16(8192)
duty_num = 8192
elif BLE_MSG == "!B813": # 按下app上right键
p15.duty_u16(1638)
duty_num = 1638
BLE_MSG = ""
sleep_ms(100)
BLE突破20个字节限制
1. 问题
用手机App发送了较长的内容（例如50个字符），但MicroPython中只会收到20个字节。所以，我实际验证了一下，果不其然真的是这样？
2. 解决方法
在调用register之后调用gatts_writer方法就行了
详细过程
将self.ble.gatts_write(self.rx, bytes(100))添加到下图的位置
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